Underhåll och felsökning av fästsystem
- Vad är det viktigaste innehållet i det dagliga underhållet av fästsystemet?
Dagligt underhåll kräver visuell inspektion av komponenter som fjäderklipp, bultar och spikar för att kontrollera om deformation, sprickor, korrosion osv. cracks in bolts and spikes may cause fastening failure and must be closely monitored. Check the fastening status of bolts and spikes, and use a torque wrench to regularly check the bolt torque to ensure that it meets the specified value. Insufficient torque will loosen the components, and excessive torque may damage bolts or related components. Clean the components of the fastening system to remove dust, oil, rust and other impurities on the surface to prevent the accumulation of impurities from affecting the performance of the components, especially in humid environments, where impurities are prone to accelerate corrosion. Check whether the rail pad and pressure plate are displaced or damaged. If the rail pad is displaced, it will affect its buffering and shock absorption effekt; if the pressure plate is damaged, it may not be able to effectively press the rails, and it needs to be reset or replaced in time. For components with anti-corrosion coatings, check the integrity of the coating and repair them in time if damage is found to ensure the corrosion resistance of the components and extend their service life.
- Hur bestämmer jag om fjäderklippet i fästsystemet måste bytas ut?
When the spring clip is obviously deformed, such as the bending angle exceeds the design allowable range, it will lead to insufficient buckling pressure and fail to effectively fasten the rail. At this time, the spring clip should be replaced. If there are cracks on the surface of the spring clip, especially in the key stress-bearing parts, the cracks will expand rapidly under the repeated load of the train, seriously affecting the strength of the spring clip, and must be replaced immediately. After long-term use, the spring clip will show obvious wear, such as material loss in the contact part with the rail or other components, resulting in a large deviation between its actual size and the designed size, affecting the buckling pressure and fastening effect, and needs to be replaced. During the buckling pressure test, if it is found that the buckling pressure of the spring clip is lower than the specified minimum buckling pressure value, and it cannot be restored to the normal range through adjustment, it means that the spring clip is fatigued or damaged and should be replaced. When the spring clip is corroded and the℃of corrosion is relatively serious, such as the material thickness is significantly thinned due to corrosion, the bearing capacity of the spring clip is reduced. In order to ensure safety, the spring clip also needs to be ersatt .
- Vilka är de vanliga orsakerna till att bulten lossnar i fästsystemet?
Den högfrekventa vibrationen som genererats under tågoperationen är en av de vanliga orsakerna till att bult som lossnar . Denna vibration kommer att göra att bultarna blir föremål för växlande stress vid den gängade anslutningen och gradvis lossna .} särskilt vid spårfogarna, vibrationen är mer intensiva på grund av påverkan av de som passerar genom, och de bolter är mer troliga} -TALT) changes cause the rails to expand and contract, which in turn causes additional stress in the fastening system. When the temperature changes repeatedly, the bolts may gradually loosen under this stress. For example, when the temperature difference between day and night is large or when the seasons change, the loosening of the bolts is more obvious. When the bolts are installed with insufficient torque and fail to reach the specified tightening torque, they are easily loosened by various forces during the operation of the train. In addition, if the torque is too large, the bolts or threads may be damaged, which will also reduce the fastening stability of the bolts and increase the risk of loosening. Uneven settlement of the track foundation will cause deformation of the track structure, change the relative positions of the components of the fastening system, and cause the bolts to be subjected to additional shear and tension, thereby causing loosening. If there is a corrosive medium in the environment around the fastening system, such as in coastal areas or industrial pollution areas, the bolt surface will be corroded and the thread will be damaged, which will reduce the fastening performance of the bolts and cause loosening.
- Hur utför man effektiv antikorrosionsbehandling vid upprätthållandet av fästsystem?
For metal parts such as spring bars, bolts, and spikes, hot-dip galvanizing can be used for anti-corrosion. The parts are immersed in molten zinc liquid to form a tight zinc layer on their surface. The zinc layer can effectively isolate air and moisture to prevent metal corrosion, and the hot-dip galvanized layer has strong adhesion and good durability. Applying anti-corrosion paint is also a common method. Paint with good anti-corrosion properties, such as epoxy zinc-rich paint, is evenly applied on the surface of the parts to form a protective coating. Before painting, the surface of the parts needs to be pre-treated, such as rust removal and oil removal, to improve the adhesion of the paint layer. For fastening systems in harsh corrosive environments, composite anti-corrosion treatment can be used. First, hot-dip galvanizing is performed, and then a layer of anti-corrosion paint is applied to form a double-layer protection to enhance the anti-corrosion effect. When installing the fastening system, anti-corrosion washers can be used or anti-corrosion grease can be applied to the threads to further prevent moisture and corrosive media from invading the threaded connection and slow down the corrosion rate. Regularly inspect and maintain the fastening system, clean the corrosion products on the surface in time, and repair the damaged parts of the anti-corrosion layer to ensure the effectiveness of the anti-corrosion åtgärder .
- När fästningssystemet misslyckas, hur man snabbt och exakt felsöker?
För det första, genomför en omfattande utseendekontroll av fästsystemet för att kontrollera om fjäderklipp, bultar, spikar, järnvägskuddar, tryckplattor och andra komponenter uppenbarligen deformeras, skadas eller fördrivs . om fjäderklippen är deformerade eller bultarna är trasiga, kan felet vara förutbestämda. om fjäderklippen är deformerade eller bultarna är trasiga, felet kan förutbestämmas för. om fjäderklippen är deformerade eller bultarna är trasiga, kan felet vara förutbestämda . om fjäderklippen är deformerade eller bultarna är trasiga, felet kan förutbestämmas för att fastställa {}}} användningsverktyg och bultar är trasiga, det kan inte vara fördrivna.. dem med de angivna standardvärdena . Om bultmomentet inte uppfyller kraven kan den vara lös eller överhöjd; if the spring clip pressure is abnormal, it may affect the fastening state of the rail. For some hidden faults, such as internal defects of the spikes, non-destructive testing technologies such as ultrasonic testing and magnetic particle testing can be used to detect whether there are defects such as cracks inside the components. According to the operating conditions of the railway, such as whether there are abnormal vibrations and Ljud, i kombination med spänningsegenskaperna för spårstrukturen, analysera de möjliga platserna för felet . till exempel, om ett avsnitt av spåret vibrerar onormalt, kan du fokusera på att kontrollera om fästningssystemet i det området är löst eller skadat . att samla underhållsregister och historisk felinformation för att fasta systemet, förståelsen för att förstå tiden och underhåll och underhåll kommer att få On -CHECKOMENT med OFFOCE OF OFFURES OF OF FURECURES OF DEL OF FRECH OF DEL OF FRECH OF DELS OM FRECH OM FRECH ARES OF FAL Hjälp snabbt att hitta orsaken till felet .